Chigongono Chachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri
International chitoliro flange mfundo makamaka ndi machitidwe awiri, ndicho European chitoliro flange dongosolo akuimiridwa ndi German DIN (kuphatikiza kale Soviet Union) ndi American chitoliro flange dongosolo akuimiridwa ndi American ANSI chitoliro flanges.Kuphatikiza apo, pali ma flange a chitoliro cha Japan JIS, koma nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pagulu m'mafakitale a petrochemical, ndipo alibe mphamvu zambiri padziko lonse lapansi.Tsopano kumayambiriro kwa flanges chitoliro m'mayiko osiyanasiyana ndi motere:
1. European system mapaipi flanges akuimiridwa ndi Germany ndi Soviet Union wakale
2. American dongosolo chitoliro flange miyezo, woimiridwa ndi ANSI B16.5 ndi ANSI B 16.47
3. British ndi French chitoliro flange miyezo, aliyense wa mayiko awiri ali ndi mfundo ziwiri casing flange.
Mwachidule, miyezo yapadziko lonse lapansi yapadziko lonse lapansi imatha kufotokozedwa mwachidule ngati machitidwe awiri osiyana komanso osasinthika a chitoliro cha chitoliro: imodzi ndi dongosolo la European pipe flange lomwe likuimiridwa ndi Germany;winayo akuimiridwa ndi United States American pipe flange system.
IOS7005-1 ndi muyezo womwe unalengezedwa ndi International Organisation for Standardization mu 1992. Mulingo uwu kwenikweni ndi mulingo wa chitoliro womwe umaphatikiza mitundu iwiri ya mipope yochokera ku United States ndi Germany.
1. Kugawidwa ndi zinthu:
Chitsulo cha carbon:ASTM/ASME A234 WPB, WPC
Aloyi:ASTM/ASME A234 WP 1-WP 12-WP 11-WP 22-WP 5-WP 91-WP911, 15Mo3 15CrMoV, 35CrMoV
Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri:ASTM/ASME A403 WP 304-304L-304H-304LN-304N ASTM/ASME A403 WP 316-316L-316H-316LN-316N-316Ti ASTM/ASME A403 WP 3203TM3AS4-ASH4 ASH4 ASH4
Chitsulo chotsika kutentha:Chithunzi cha ASTM/ASME A402 WPL3-WPL6
Chitsulo chogwira ntchito kwambiri:ASTM/ASME A860 WPHY 42-46-52-60-65-70 Kutaya zitsulo, aloyi zitsulo, zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri, mkuwa, zotayidwa aloyi, pulasitiki, argon leaching, PVC, PPR, RFPP (analimbitsa polypropylene), etc.
2. Malinga ndi njira yopangira, imatha kugawidwa ndikukankhira, kukanikiza, kupangira, kuponyera, ndi zina.
3. Malinga ndi muyeso wa kupanga, zikhoza kugawidwa mu muyezo dziko, muyezo magetsi, muyezo sitima, muyezo mankhwala, muyezo madzi, American muyezo, German muyezo, Japanese muyezo, Russian muyezo, etc.
