1.Kodi Mapaipi Achitsulo Opanda Mpweya A Carbon Ndi Chiyani?
Mipope yachitsulo yopanda mpweya ndi mapaipi opangidwa kuchokera kuchitsulo chimodzi popanda zolumikizira zowotcherera, zomwe zimapereka mphamvu zambiri komanso kukana kupanikizika.
Mipope imeneyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana chifukwa cha katundu wawo wabwino kwambiri. Mipope yachitsulo yopanda kaboni imadziwika chifukwa chokhazikika komanso yodalirika. Amatha kupirira kupsinjika kwakukulu ndi kutentha, kuwapangitsa kukhala oyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mumakampani amafuta ndi gasi, kupanga magetsi, komanso kukonza mankhwala.
Njira yopangira mapaipi achitsulo osasunthika a carbon imaphatikizapo kugudubuza kotentha kapena kujambula kozizira. Pakugudubuza kotentha, billet yachitsulo imatenthedwa ndikudutsa muzitsulo zingapo kuti apange chitoliro chosasunthika. Kujambula kozizira, kumbali ina, kumaphatikizapo kukoka chitoliro chotenthetsera podutsa pakufa kuti muchepetse m'mimba mwake ndikuwongolera kumapeto kwake.
Malingana ndi deta yamakampani, mapaipi opanda mpweya achitsulo amapezeka mumitundu yosiyanasiyana komanso makulidwe. Kukula kofala kwambiri kumachokera ku DN15 mpaka DN1200, makulidwe a khoma amasiyana 2mm mpaka 50mm. Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu mapaipi achitsulo osasunthika ndi carbon steel, omwe amakhala ndi gawo lina la mpweya. Mpweya wa kaboni ukhoza kusiyana malinga ndi zofunikira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, zomwe zimakhala ndi carbon yapamwamba zimapereka mphamvu zambiri komanso kuuma.
Kuphatikiza pa kulimba kwawo komanso kulimba kwawo, mapaipi achitsulo opanda mpweya wa carbon amaperekanso kukana kwa dzimbiri. Komabe, muzinthu zina zomwe zimayembekezeredwa kumadera owononga, zowonjezera zowonjezera kapena zomangira zingafunikire kuteteza chitoliro kuti chisawonongeke.
Ponseponse, mapaipi achitsulo osasunthika a carbon ndi gawo lofunikira pamafakitale ambiri, omwe amapereka kayendedwe kodalirika komanso koyenera kwamadzi ndi mpweya.
2. Njira Yopangira ndi Zofotokozera
2.1 Ndondomeko Yopanga Mwachidule
Kupanga mapaipi opanda chitsulo cha carbon ndi njira yovuta komanso yosamala. Choyamba, billet yozungulira imadulidwa ndendende mpaka kutalika kofunikira. Kenako, amatenthedwa mu ng'anjo mpaka kutentha kwambiri, pafupifupi madigiri 1200 Celsius. Njira yowotchera imagwiritsa ntchito mafuta ngati haidrojeni kapena acetylene kuti atsimikizire kutentha kofanana. Pambuyo pakuwotcha, billet imadutsa kuboola. Izi zimachitika nthawi zambiri pogwiritsa ntchito njira yomwe imagwira ntchito bwino popanga mapaipi apamwamba kwambiri ndipo imatha kutengera zosowa zamtundu wazitsulo zosiyanasiyana.
Pambuyo poboola, billet imadutsa njira zogudubuza monga katatu-roll skew rolling, mosalekeza, kapena extrusion. Pambuyo pa extrusion, chitolirocho chimadutsa kukula kwake kuti mudziwe kukula kwake komaliza. Makina ojambulira okhala ndi chobowola chozungulira amazungulira mwachangu ndikulowa mu billet kuti apange chitoliro. The m'mimba mwake wa chitoliro zimatengera awiri awiri akunja kwa sizing makina kubowola.
Kenako, chitolirocho chimatumizidwa ku nsanja yozizirira kumene imazizidwa ndi kupopera madzi. Pambuyo pozizira, imawongoka kuti iwonetsetse kuti mawonekedwe ake ndi olondola. Kenako, chitolirocho chimatumizidwa ku chojambulira cholakwika chachitsulo kapena chipangizo choyesera cha hydrostatic kuti chiwonedwe mkati. Ngati pali ming'alu, thovu, kapena zinthu zina mkati mwa chitoliro, zidzadziwika. Pambuyo poyang'anitsitsa khalidwe, chitolirocho chimadutsa poyang'ana pamanja. Pomaliza, imayikidwa ndi manambala, mawonekedwe, ndi zidziwitso zamagulu opanga popenta ndipo imakwezedwa ndikusungidwa m'nyumba yosungiramo zinthu ndi crane.
2.2 Mafotokozedwe ndi Magulu
Mipope yachitsulo yopanda phokoso ya carbon imagawidwa m'magulu otentha komanso ozizira. Mipope yachitsulo yopanda mpweya yotentha yotentha nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi mainchesi akunja opitilira mamilimita 32 ndi makulidwe a khoma kuyambira mamilimita 2.5 mpaka 75. Mapaipi achitsulo oziziritsa oziziritsidwa opanda mpweya amatha kukhala ndi mainchesi akunja ang'onoang'ono ngati mamilimita 6, ndi makulidwe a khoma osachepera 0.25 millimeters. Ngakhale mapaipi ang'onoang'ono okhala ndi mipiringidzo okhala ndi mainchesi akunja a 5 millimeters ndi makulidwe a khoma osakwana mamilimita 0.25 amapezeka. Mapaipi oziziritsa ozizira amapereka kulondola kwapamwamba kwambiri.
Mafotokozedwe awo nthawi zambiri amasonyezedwa mwa mawonekedwe akunja ndi makulidwe a khoma. Mwachitsanzo, mfundo yodziwika bwino ikhoza kukhala DN200 x 6mm, kusonyeza m'mimba mwake wa mamilimita 200 ndi makulidwe a khoma mamilimita 6. Malinga ndi deta yamakampani, mapaipi opanda chitsulo cha carbon zitsulo amapezeka mumitundu yosiyanasiyana kuti akwaniritse zofunikira zosiyanasiyana.
3. Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mapaipi Osasindikiza a Carbon Steel
Mapaipi achitsulo osasunthika amapeza ntchito m'magawo osiyanasiyana monga mayendedwe amadzimadzi, kupanga ma boiler, kufufuza kwa geological, ndi mafakitale amafuta chifukwa cha mawonekedwe awo apadera komanso magulu azinthu.
3.1 Mayendedwe a Madzi
Mipope yachitsulo yopanda kaboni imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri potengera zamadzimadzi monga madzi, mafuta, ndi gasi. Mwachitsanzo, m'makampani amafuta ndi gasi, mapaipi achitsulo osasunthika ndi ofunikira pakunyamula mafuta osakanizika ndi gasi wachilengedwe kuchokera kumalo opangira zinthu kupita kumalo oyeretsera ndi kugawa. Malinga ndi kafukufuku wamakampani, gawo lalikulu la mafuta ndi gasi padziko lapansi limayendetsedwa ndi mapaipi achitsulo opanda mpweya. Mipope imeneyi imatha kupirira kupanikizika kwambiri ndipo imalimbana ndi dzimbiri, zomwe zimawapangitsa kukhala abwino pamayendedwe akutali. Kuphatikiza apo, mapaipi opanda mpweya wachitsulo amagwiritsidwanso ntchito m'machitidwe operekera madzi ndi njira zamafakitale zonyamulira zakumwa zosiyanasiyana.
3.2 Kupanga Boiler
Mapaipi a boiler otsika, apakati, komanso othamanga kwambiri opangidwa ndi chitsulo chosasunthika cha kaboni ndi zinthu zofunika kwambiri popanga boiler. Mapaipiwa amapangidwa kuti athe kupirira kutentha kwambiri komanso kupanikizika mkati mwa ma boilers. Kwa ma boilers otsika komanso apakatikati, mapaipi achitsulo osasunthika amaonetsetsa kuti chotenthetsera chimagwira ntchito bwino popereka kufalikira kwamadzimadzi komanso kusamutsa kutentha. M'maboilers othamanga kwambiri, mapaipiwo ayenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira zolimba komanso zolimba. Amayesedwa kwambiri kuti atsimikizire mtundu wawo komanso kudalirika kwawo. Mapaipi achitsulo osasunthika a carbon steel a boilers amapezeka mosiyanasiyana komanso mawonekedwe kuti akwaniritse zosowa zama boiler osiyanasiyana.
3.3 Kufufuza za Geological
Mapaipi oboola a geological ndi petroleum amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakufufuza za nthaka. Mipope imeneyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito pobowola pansi pofufuza mafuta, gasi, ndi mchere. Mapaipi achitsulo osasunthika amphamvu kwambiri amapangidwa kuti athe kulimbana ndi zovuta zoboola, kuphatikiza kuthamanga kwambiri, abrasion, ndi dzimbiri. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito posungira ndi kumangirira m'zitsime zamafuta ndi gasi, kupereka chithandizo chokhazikika komanso kuteteza chitsime kuti chitha kugwa. Malinga ndi kuyerekezera kwamakampani, kufunikira kwa mapaipi oboola a geological ndi petroleum akuyembekezeka kukula m'zaka zikubwerazi pomwe kufufuza kwa zinthu zatsopano kukupitilira.
3.4 Makampani amafuta
M'makampani amafuta, mapaipi achitsulo osasunthika amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zosiyanasiyana monga mapaipi amafuta ndi gasi, zida zoyeretsera, ndi matanki osungira. Mapaipiwa adapangidwa kuti azitha kupirira malo owononga amafuta amafuta komanso zovuta zambiri zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndimayendedwe ndi kukonza. Mapaipi osweka mafuta, makamaka, ndi ofunikira pakuyenga. Amapangidwa kuchokera kuzitsulo zapadera zomwe zimatha kupirira kutentha kwakukulu ndi machitidwe a mankhwala. Mipope yachitsulo yopanda kaboni mumakampani amafuta amafuta amayenera kuwongolera bwino ndikuyesedwa kuti atsimikizire kuti ali otetezeka komanso odalirika.
Nthawi yotumiza: Oct-30-2024